Circle Calculator

The three core circle formulas, Diameter = 2r, Circumference = 2(pi)r, and Area = (pi)r², let you derive all circle measurements from any single known value. Enter a radius, diameter, circumference, or area to calculate the remaining values.

Quick Answer

A circle with radius 5 has a diameter of 10, a circumference of approximately 31.42, and an area of approximately 78.54 square units.

Common Examples

Input Result
Radius = 5 D: 10, C: 31.42, A: 78.54
Radius = 10 D: 20, C: 62.83, A: 314.16
Diameter = 14 R: 7, C: 43.98, A: 153.94
Circumference = 100 R: 15.92, D: 31.83, A: 795.77

How It Works

All circle properties can be derived from the radius (r):

Diameter = 2 x r

Circumference = 2 x π x r (equivalently, π x Diameter)

Area = π x r²

If you know a different property, you can solve for the radius first:

From Diameter: r = Diameter / 2

From Circumference: r = Circumference / (2π)

From Area: r = √(Area / π)

These formulas rely on the mathematical constant π (pi), approximately 3.14159265. The calculator uses the full-precision value of π available in JavaScript for maximum accuracy.

Worked Example

Given a circle with radius 5: Diameter = 2 × 5 = 10. Circumference = 2 × pi × 5 = 10pi ≈ 31.42. Area = pi × 5² = 25pi ≈ 78.54. Working backward from circumference: if C = 100, then r = 100 / (2pi) ≈ 15.92, and Area = pi × 15.92² ≈ 795.77.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is pi (π) and why does it appear in circle formulas?
Pi is a mathematical constant representing the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. It is approximately 3.14159265 and is the same for every circle regardless of size. It appears in circle formulas because it defines the fundamental relationship between a circle's linear and area measurements.
What is the difference between radius and diameter?
The radius is the distance from the center of a circle to any point on its edge. The diameter is the distance across the circle through its center. The diameter is always exactly twice the radius.
How do I find the area of a circle if I only know the circumference?
First derive the radius from the circumference using r = Circumference / (2π), then calculate the area with A = π x r². This calculator handles this conversion automatically when you select Circumference as the known value.
Where are circle calculations used in real life?
Circle calculations are used in construction (pipe sizing, round foundations), landscaping (circular gardens, sprinkler coverage), cooking (pan sizes, pizza area comparisons), engineering (wheel design, gear sizing), and many other fields where round shapes appear.